Swami Narain Chhapia
It is situated at a distance of 50 Km from the district Head quarter's.The chief interest of the place is the temple of Swami Narain,which lie in 1.5 Km. south from the Railway station,Chhapia.This place is famous as Birth place of Saint Sahjanand.Saint was the son of an Pandey who had married the daughter of co-sharer in this village.He was born in 1780.At a very early age the boy then known as Sahjanand migrated to Gujrat, where he was adopted by Ramanand, the head of the great Vaishnav monastery at Junagarh.He became a noted Sanskrit scholar and gained a wide reputation for learning and piety .After his death at the age of 49 he was accorded divine honours by his devotees as an incarnation of Lord Krishna under the name of Swami Narain.His immense wealth passed to his two uncle who went from Chhapia to Gujrat and their descendants ruled the two branches of the sent.In about 1845 his disciples in Gujrat determined to erect a temple at the birth place of the saint and a number of them came to Chhapia for this purpose.After annexation the place was of the enormous sum of Rs 500 per acre and the building adjoining the temple were completed.The temple which is built of stone.It is now being converted in Marvel.
A large number of Pilgrim visit this place at all time in year but specially in the month of Kartika end on Ram Navmi.
Paska (Sukar Khet)
This place is situated the river bank of Saryu about 45 Km. south-west from district head quarter.The site is ancient fame for Sangam Asnan and one month Paush Kalwas which occurred in month of Paush. A large number of devotee's takes holly dips in Saryu here for Mukti of 'Pashu Yoni'.It is also believed that God Varha have taken Autar here.
It is said an old temple of Lord Varah was built here in 9th century,which was renewed from time to time.A part of boundary wall of old temple is visible now too.Idol's of temple were stolen a few year's ago. A Kacha ghat and some small temples are being used by devotee's.
Paska is also related with noted litererian 'Goswami Tulsidas' and known as his Guru bhumi.A mass of Hindi litererian proclaimed that Suker Khet Gonda is birth place of Tulsidas. The original village Rajapur is 6 KM. from here.Paska is known as place of Guru Narharidas.A ruin in south of Varah mandir is denoted as Kuti of that saint,where Tulsidas heard Ram Katha, instance given in his literature.
Thus Rajapur & Paska both are place of interest of litererian.
Varahi Dev
About 6 KM in east from Paska another ancient place of Varahi Devi known as Uttari Bhawani is situated in Tarabganj Tehsil.An old temple of Bhagwati's attract a large number of devotee's here,specially in both Navratra.The place is known as a part of Suker Jhet.The image of Aadi Shakti Varahi is related with shakti of Varha in Paska.
Prash
This place is in north of Saryu & situated in Tehsil Tarabganj.The place is related with ancient Saint Parashar, grand son of Bashishtha& son of Sakti.It is said his mother's name was Adrishyawanti.Rishi Parashar is known as creator of famous Samrthen of the same name.A temple in his memory is situated here.
Tirrey Manorama
At 21 km. in north of Gonda city this holly place is situated. Legend believed a Ashram of Muni Uddalaqu was here, the place is also the origin of river Manorama. A old pond with Pakka Ghat & the a temple is here. Mella on Kartik Purinima is been celebrated every year.
Prithvi Nathan Mahadeo
At a short distance in south of Kharagupur old temple of lord Shiva is situated. Legend relates it with Mahabhart. This area was then known as Pancharayan ..The present temple was reconstructed by Maharaja Man Singh of Ayodhya.A large Lingam with a well covered argha was found on the place at that time. The temple is very beautiful diffuse.Another temple of Pachran Nath is situated on few distance from the main temple.
Jhali Dham
This place is known as place of devotion and situated on One KM. from Prithvi Nathan Mahadeo.This is a shrine of a famous Saint of the same name.A Temple Pokhra and shrine of the Saint are main attraction of the place.
Parvati Mahadeo
The place is related with history of Ramayna. it is situated in village Mahadeo on bank of Parvati Jheel. According to Satyopakhyan on RamKatha relatives of Raja Dasrath from Mithila were visited the place. A old temple, natural beauty of Jheel can be viewed from here. There is another Jheel Arga is on short distance in west-north of Parvatee.
Colonelganj Sakraura
Colonelganj is city board & tahsil headquarter. The old name of place was Sakraura. It was a village of no peculiar importance till 1780 when a force was sent under the command of Majar Byuge by the Nawab Vazir to bring to terms the refractory chieftains of the Trans Ghaghra.Later on the containment were maintained here till annexation . The place was selected as the military Headquarter.During the freedom struggle of 1857, then Indian forces joined the freedom struggle and the English Officer escaped from here Ruin's of English buildings one place of interest here.
Gonda
The divisional headquarter Gonda was originally a Jungle.It is said that during the rules of Kalhans, Raja of Khorasa, it was the cattle station.Word Gintha afterword corrupted into Gonda. The town was founded by raja Man Singh ,who built a place here and erected fortification's in shape of a deep moats.During the regime of Raja Dutt Singh, many rajput settled at Gonda.Dutt Singh built a large Palace,Sheo Prasad Singh,grand son of Raja Dutt Singh built Sagar Talab in shape of lake,island in middle with a temple.At present main places are temple of Dukh Haran Nath, Kali Bhawani ,Hanuman Garhi and Khaira Bhawani in North of the city.Gonda was city of Talab as Radha Kund Sagar Talab,Pandey Talab example of this.
The city consist glorious history of freedom struggle of Raja Devi Bakhsh Singh was leaded from here in 1857.A ruin of his Palace in witness of glory here.Tazzia & Durga Pooja Julus are being stayed for few movement in his honour.The city related with another hero Rajendra Nath Lahiri,who was hanged by British Government here in District Jail. A Shaheed Udyan is being developed near Fan Sighar.The city had memory eminent literian Zigar Moradabadi as his shrine in the city.
Other Important Places
Wazirganj is block headquarter and was historic place in regime of Avadh.It was headquarter of Nawab Wajir Ashifuddaula. A part of his baradari is visible now too.
Nawabganj, the town was said ancient of Guru Basishtha.It was famous as Nandini Ashram.The city later on became the reliering place of Nawabs.
Rauza Peer is a place near Wazirganj on Gonda-Faizabad Road.This is related with Syed Salar Masud Gazi.An annual Urs is held with main main Urs on Dargah Bahraich.
Sri Nagar Math is a famous place on Gonda-Uttaraulla road about 25km. from district Headquarter. The originator of the Math was sant Saharban in line of Auragzeb. Many stories are being said in honour of this Saint .
Razgarh is a old temple about 3 Km. north from Motiganj Station,the place is related with raja Devi Baksh Singh,hero of 1957
Tuesday, August 26, 2008
Gonda ka itihaas
Awadh (also known to the British as Oudh) is a region in the center of the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. It includes the districts of Ambedkar Nagar, Bahraich, Balrampur, Barabanki, Faizabad, Gonda, Hardol, Kheri, Lucknow, Pratapgarh, Raibareilly, Shrawasti, Sitapur, Sultanpur, and Unnao. The traditional capital of Awadh has been Lucknow. The region is home to a distinct dialect, Awadhi.
Awadh figures in early Indian history as the Kingdom of Kosala, with Ayodhya as its capital.
It was a province of the Mughal Empire, and was ruled by a Nawab (a provincial governor) of the empire from the capital at Lucknow. With the weakening of the central institutions of the empire through the 18th century, this province and its Nawab effectively became an independent state, one of the princely states of India.
Awadh was known as the granary of India and was important strategically for the control of the gnagetic plain.It signed a treaty with the British East India Company in 1765, from which time it effectively became dependent on the company. In the later part of the century Awadh ceded major parts of its territory to the company. The company recruited many of its troops from this kingdom, and maintained a Resident there. In 1819, it declared independence from the Mughal empire, one of the few princely states to do so.
In 1856 the East India Company first moved its troops to the border, then annexed the state, which was placed under a chief commissioner. Wajid Ali Shah, the then Nawab, was imprisoned, and then exiled by the Company. In the subsequent Revolt of 1857 his 14 year old son Birjis Qadr was crowned ruler. Following the rebel's defeat, he and other rebel leaders obtained asylum in Nepal.
Those company troops who were recruited from the state, along with some of the nobility of the state, were major players in the events of 1857. The rebels took control of Awadh, and it took the British 18 months to reconquer the region. Oudh was placed back under a chief commissioner, and was governed as a British province. In 1877 the offices of lieutenant-governor of the North-Western Provinces and chief commissioner of Oudh were combined in the same person; and in 1902, when the new name of United Provinces of Agra and Oudh was introduced, the title of chief commissioner was dropped, though Oudh still retained some marks of its former independence.
Awadh figures in early Indian history as the Kingdom of Kosala, with Ayodhya as its capital.
It was a province of the Mughal Empire, and was ruled by a Nawab (a provincial governor) of the empire from the capital at Lucknow. With the weakening of the central institutions of the empire through the 18th century, this province and its Nawab effectively became an independent state, one of the princely states of India.
Awadh was known as the granary of India and was important strategically for the control of the gnagetic plain.It signed a treaty with the British East India Company in 1765, from which time it effectively became dependent on the company. In the later part of the century Awadh ceded major parts of its territory to the company. The company recruited many of its troops from this kingdom, and maintained a Resident there. In 1819, it declared independence from the Mughal empire, one of the few princely states to do so.
In 1856 the East India Company first moved its troops to the border, then annexed the state, which was placed under a chief commissioner. Wajid Ali Shah, the then Nawab, was imprisoned, and then exiled by the Company. In the subsequent Revolt of 1857 his 14 year old son Birjis Qadr was crowned ruler. Following the rebel's defeat, he and other rebel leaders obtained asylum in Nepal.
Those company troops who were recruited from the state, along with some of the nobility of the state, were major players in the events of 1857. The rebels took control of Awadh, and it took the British 18 months to reconquer the region. Oudh was placed back under a chief commissioner, and was governed as a British province. In 1877 the offices of lieutenant-governor of the North-Western Provinces and chief commissioner of Oudh were combined in the same person; and in 1902, when the new name of United Provinces of Agra and Oudh was introduced, the title of chief commissioner was dropped, though Oudh still retained some marks of its former independence.
Gonda ka itihaas
Awadh (also known to the British as Oudh) is a region in the center of the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. It includes the districts of Ambedkar Nagar, Bahraich, Balrampur, Barabanki, Faizabad, Gonda, Hardol, Kheri, Lucknow, Pratapgarh, Raibareilly, Shrawasti, Sitapur, Sultanpur, and Unnao. The traditional capital of Awadh has been Lucknow. The region is home to a distinct dialect, Awadhi.
Awadh figures in early Indian history as the Kingdom of Kosala, with Ayodhya as its capital.
It was a province of the Mughal Empire, and was ruled by a Nawab (a provincial governor) of the empire from the capital at Lucknow. With the weakening of the central institutions of the empire through the 18th century, this province and its Nawab effectively became an independent state, one of the princely states of India.
Awadh was known as the granary of India and was important strategically for the control of the gnagetic plain.It signed a treaty with the British East India Company in 1765, from which time it effectively became dependent on the company. In the later part of the century Awadh ceded major parts of its territory to the company. The company recruited many of its troops from this kingdom, and maintained a Resident there. In 1819, it declared independence from the Mughal empire, one of the few princely states to do so.
In 1856 the East India Company first moved its troops to the border, then annexed the state, which was placed under a chief commissioner. Wajid Ali Shah, the then Nawab, was imprisoned, and then exiled by the Company. In the subsequent Revolt of 1857 his 14 year old son Birjis Qadr was crowned ruler. Following the rebel's defeat, he and other rebel leaders obtained asylum in Nepal.
Those company troops who were recruited from the state, along with some of the nobility of the state, were major players in the events of 1857. The rebels took control of Awadh, and it took the British 18 months to reconquer the region. Oudh was placed back under a chief commissioner, and was governed as a British province. In 1877 the offices of lieutenant-governor of the North-Western Provinces and chief commissioner of Oudh were combined in the same person; and in 1902, when the new name of United Provinces of Agra and Oudh was introduced, the title of chief commissioner was dropped, though Oudh still retained some marks of its former independence.
Awadh figures in early Indian history as the Kingdom of Kosala, with Ayodhya as its capital.
It was a province of the Mughal Empire, and was ruled by a Nawab (a provincial governor) of the empire from the capital at Lucknow. With the weakening of the central institutions of the empire through the 18th century, this province and its Nawab effectively became an independent state, one of the princely states of India.
Awadh was known as the granary of India and was important strategically for the control of the gnagetic plain.It signed a treaty with the British East India Company in 1765, from which time it effectively became dependent on the company. In the later part of the century Awadh ceded major parts of its territory to the company. The company recruited many of its troops from this kingdom, and maintained a Resident there. In 1819, it declared independence from the Mughal empire, one of the few princely states to do so.
In 1856 the East India Company first moved its troops to the border, then annexed the state, which was placed under a chief commissioner. Wajid Ali Shah, the then Nawab, was imprisoned, and then exiled by the Company. In the subsequent Revolt of 1857 his 14 year old son Birjis Qadr was crowned ruler. Following the rebel's defeat, he and other rebel leaders obtained asylum in Nepal.
Those company troops who were recruited from the state, along with some of the nobility of the state, were major players in the events of 1857. The rebels took control of Awadh, and it took the British 18 months to reconquer the region. Oudh was placed back under a chief commissioner, and was governed as a British province. In 1877 the offices of lieutenant-governor of the North-Western Provinces and chief commissioner of Oudh were combined in the same person; and in 1902, when the new name of United Provinces of Agra and Oudh was introduced, the title of chief commissioner was dropped, though Oudh still retained some marks of its former independence.
kuchh gonda ke baare me
Gonda District is one of the districts of Uttar Pradesh, India, and Gonda town is the district headquarters. It is also headquarters of the Devipatan Division.The district lies between 26º 47' and 27º- 20' north latitude and 81º 30' and 82º 46' east longitudeThe territory covered by the present district of Gonda formed part of the ancient kingdom of Kosala. After the death of Rama he celebrated sovereign of the Solar line, who ruled Kosala.The kingdom was divided into two portion the northern and southern Ghaghara forming the boundary between the two .
The main occupation of the people in the district is farming. Agricultural produce include wheat, paddy (rice), different pulses, oilseeds and sugar cane. Through the district pass the holy rivers Saryu and Ghaghra. There are many religious places in the district, and the district headquarter town itself is very close (60 km) to the holy city Ayodhya, the birthplace of Lord Rama. It is the birthplace of the great poet Tulsi Das, who wrote the epic Ramcharitamanas, depicting the life and virtues of Lord Rama.
The main occupation of the people in the district is farming. Agricultural produce include wheat, paddy (rice), different pulses, oilseeds and sugar cane. Through the district pass the holy rivers Saryu and Ghaghra. There are many religious places in the district, and the district headquarter town itself is very close (60 km) to the holy city Ayodhya, the birthplace of Lord Rama. It is the birthplace of the great poet Tulsi Das, who wrote the epic Ramcharitamanas, depicting the life and virtues of Lord Rama.
GONDA KE LOG-Just a few words about Meena Banerjee
Love and devotion are the key words, as far as music is concerned, for Meena Banerjee. Born in a conservative Bengali family of law practitioners settled in a small town Gonda Avadh; she was exposed to literature, art and music, as these were considered very essential for a well-groomed lady. Meena, therefore, was initiated to classical music at the age of four by Pt Ram Sumiran Misra, a direct disciple of Pandit Vishnu Digambar Paluskar. Her quick grasp and melodious voice did not go unnoticed and she found herself before an appreciative audience pretty early in her life. She was barely eight when her Bhajan recitals won accolades. Numerous competitions and concerts followed thereafter. At fifteen she acquired the Sangeet Prabhakar (B. Mus) Degree of Prayag Sangeet Samiti, securing first division with distinction. The handicaps of being born and brought up in a backward town of eastern UP could not pose problems for Meena. An avid reader with a flair for languages and writing, she sailed through her academics in flying colours winning Merit and National Scholarships, Degree College Gold Medal for the best all rounder of the year and a first class Master's Degree. While doing her master's in Sanskrit, she continued to learn classical music from Pandit Gangadhar Rao Tailang at Kanpur. Her love for Thumri and Ghazals took her at the feet of Shri Malay Chakraborty of Mumbai and later Pandit Ram Saran Dass groomed her as a regular Bhajan singer of Radio (Akashvani), Delhi. But it was Pandit Amarnath, the maestro belonging to Indore Gharana, under whose continued guidance Meena learnt the finer nuances of classical as well as light music and flowered into a fine vocalist. As an Executive member of Shriram Bharatiya Kala Kendra, New Delhi, Meena also leant her voice as the lead singer of their prestigious world famous productions including Ramleela, Krishnavatar, Meerabai, Shan-e-Mughal etc., directed by stalwarts like Jyotirindra Moitra, Susheel Dasgupta and none other than Ustad Amjad Ali Khan. She accompanied famous classical dancers of Kathak, Orissi and Manipuri. Numerous Radio and TV features and documentary films by Film Division of India have her recordings as a playback singer. On tours organized by Indian Council for Cultural Relations (ICCR), she has been to many countries of South East Asia, Africa and Europe giving lecture demonstrations, light classical and folk recitals. On a private tour in and around London she gave many recitals of Bhajan, Ghazal, Nazrul-geeti and folk songs. While London Broadcasting Corporation broadcast her recitals, BBC Radio interviewed her and BBC TV recorded a number of her songs for their programme titled 'Ghar-bar' and televised them over a period of time. Back home almost in all the prestigious auditoria of Delhi and a few of Mumbai, Calcutta, Lucknow, Allahabad and Dimapur Meena presented her bouquet of songs to the delight of her audience. A few discs of her Bhajans were cut by INRECO, a cassette titled 'Prem Deewani' by T Series and another of Bengali devotional songs by UD Series hit the market during 80's and 90's respectively. Attracted by the literary grandeur and inspired by its distinct style, Meena learnt Rabindra Sangeet under the able guidance of Smt Sumitra Sen. At the same time as the member of the Academic Research Department of ITC Sangeet Research Academy, Calcutta, a premier institution of Indian classical music, she taught musical terminology and language to scholars and edited ‘Parampara’, the newsletter of the academy, for five years. She is a well-known music critic and contributes relevant articles in a number of prestigious English and Hindi dailies and magazines. The guiding light of her brilliant musical career remains the same - love and devotion.
Rivers and climate of gonda district
Rivers have got Immense significance in the development of civlization as a whole. They have played an important role in the development of socalled backward district Gonda. The drainage of Gonda comprises Ghayhra,Saryu,Terhi, Manwar,Bisuhi, & kuwaon rivers.
KUWANA- Tenus Nala rises in Bahraich district and after a course of about 13 km. It is known as Kuwana river. After flowing about 4 km. Further as Kuwana river it enters Gonda district. It thence flows along the northern border of the pargana as far as the boundary of the Utraula tahsil, and then separates Sadullahanagar from pargana Utraula, forming the dividing line between Burhapara and the Basti district. The river is fed by two small streams- Jadha Nala & Pindariya Nala- flowing down from the uparhar, in the north of the Gonda, besides Singha in Sadullahnagar. And an insignificant watercourse which has no distinctive name flowing through the central portion of Utraula. The Kuwana is a sluggish stream & rarely changes its course.
BISUHI- South of the Kuwana is the Bisuhi a small stream of a similar character.It rises near village Ghuchwapur in Gonda tahsil. It flow for some distance nearly due east, & then, after having traversed the whole of the north of Gonda. Takes a southerly course and enters the Utraula tahsil, where it separates Sadullahnagar from Mankapur & Burhapara from Babhanipair. It leaves the district after a course of about 112 km. Just before its junction with the Kuwana. It seldom causes any damage by inundation.
MANWAR- Further south is the Manwar, an insignificant stream, which rises in the centre of pargana Gonda, then flows thourgh the middle of pargana Mankapur & after skirting the Tikri forest, enters the Basti district. The Manwar is a small river with an irregular channel, & the land in its neighborhood is often clothed with jungle, while at places there arewide stretches of poor soil covered with grass.
CHANDAI- Chandai rises near village Ekman which is about 9 km. North-West of bidyanagar & joins Manwar where it leaves the district. After separating the Mankapur & mahadeva parganas winds round the western & souhern edge of the Tikri forest. The Chandai is a very sluggish steam, and the in its neighborhood is generally swampy.
TERHI - Below the southern edge of the uparhar flows the Terhi, a stream which rises in Bahraich & is fed by the water of the great Baghel Tal near Pura Gosain. It enters the district on the extreme west of pargana Gonda, then separates that pargana from Paharpur and Gunwarich, and further east from the boundary between the Mahadeva & digsir parganas. Leaving these, it flows through the southernpars of Nawabganj & joins the Ghaghara a few km. Above Ayodhya. The Terhi as its name implies, has a very winding & irregular course. Although in former days it appears to have changed its channel repeatedly, the result of this being found in the legend of the destruction of Khurasa, it now flows in a well defined bed though in places it is fringed by swampy ground. Elsewhere, and especially in pargana Digsir. Its banks are sandy & the land in its neighbourhood is of very inferior quality. During the rains the river swells to a considerable size, but at other times of the year it only carries a small volume of water. The Terhi is fed by a number of small streams, the chief of which are the Chandehi Nala, which joins it near Bhikaripur Kalan & the Bagluha which flows through the centre of Digsir and the west of Nawabganj.
SARYU – Between the Terhi and the Ghghara there are several small streams, especially in the Gunwarich pargana, flowing into the latter river. The chief of these is the Saryu, which rises in the Bahraich district and joins the main stream near Paska. Others are the Kundwa and Beli, which unite near Begumganj & flow into theGhaghara near Dalennagar. All these streams are insignificant drainage channels and are of little use or importance. When the tarhar experiences heavy rains, they not only increase in volume & do much damage by inundation, but are also often apt to change their course.
GHAGHARA- The Ghaghara is the name given to the united waters of the Kauriala, Saryu, and Chauka & other rivers which drain the submontane tract to the west of the district. It enters the district in the extreme west of pargana Gunwarich and then flows along the southern borders, leaving the district at Lakarmandi opposite Ayodhya, the distance between its entry and exit being about 88 km. Within its wide bed it rolls from from one side to the other changing its channel almost every year between the shifting sandy banks. The land along the river on either side is always liable to be cut away during the rains and for this reason the area of the district is label to annual verialims.
Lakes
There are various lakes too in the district,some important are Banki, Kodar, Aranga, Parwati & Pathri. Banki is situated in the west near Dubaha bazar. Kodar is near Wazirganj, Parwati is near Tikri, this is biggest in size Pathri is near Khorahsa.
Climate
India is a tropical country & has got Monsooni climate. Gonda being a plainy district is not an exception. It has got the same climate that of the country in genereat. There are three seasons,summer,rainy and winter. Summer is from Narch to Juns. The average temperative of the summer is nearly 30°c. Hot wind namely ‘Loo’ blows in May and in early June. Rainy season is from July to October. Rainys take place mostly upto September winter is from.November to February last half of December and first half of January are maximaum cold.
Forest
As for as the form of natural vegelation in Gonda is concerned,there are two remarkable areas,One the forests of kuwano,which has various types of prees lipe Sagon ,Haldu, Sal,Shishaw, Tibau,Mahua, Bass ,Neem, Jamun, Mayo etc.To the forest of Mankapur to Tipri and around Tipri.The types of press are Tibau ,Sakhu,Sal etc.Sandy Lomay and clay are the types of soils found in Gonda.water per colales downward in sandy soils , so those are not very fertile .Never the less , Zayad crops are produced near the batps of rivers in this soil. Loamy soil is fertile. It has fossils and mierals also.It is found in uparhar part of Gonda.
Soil
The colour of loamy soil is light yellow. It is found around Khorahsa,DumariyaDeeh, Gonda ect. India thok Mankapur etc. Clay soils can hold water in it, so it is suitable fer those crops, which require more water , especially paddy. It becomes hard when dries it is found around ColonelGanj, India thok and Mankapur.
KUWANA- Tenus Nala rises in Bahraich district and after a course of about 13 km. It is known as Kuwana river. After flowing about 4 km. Further as Kuwana river it enters Gonda district. It thence flows along the northern border of the pargana as far as the boundary of the Utraula tahsil, and then separates Sadullahanagar from pargana Utraula, forming the dividing line between Burhapara and the Basti district. The river is fed by two small streams- Jadha Nala & Pindariya Nala- flowing down from the uparhar, in the north of the Gonda, besides Singha in Sadullahnagar. And an insignificant watercourse which has no distinctive name flowing through the central portion of Utraula. The Kuwana is a sluggish stream & rarely changes its course.
BISUHI- South of the Kuwana is the Bisuhi a small stream of a similar character.It rises near village Ghuchwapur in Gonda tahsil. It flow for some distance nearly due east, & then, after having traversed the whole of the north of Gonda. Takes a southerly course and enters the Utraula tahsil, where it separates Sadullahnagar from Mankapur & Burhapara from Babhanipair. It leaves the district after a course of about 112 km. Just before its junction with the Kuwana. It seldom causes any damage by inundation.
MANWAR- Further south is the Manwar, an insignificant stream, which rises in the centre of pargana Gonda, then flows thourgh the middle of pargana Mankapur & after skirting the Tikri forest, enters the Basti district. The Manwar is a small river with an irregular channel, & the land in its neighborhood is often clothed with jungle, while at places there arewide stretches of poor soil covered with grass.
CHANDAI- Chandai rises near village Ekman which is about 9 km. North-West of bidyanagar & joins Manwar where it leaves the district. After separating the Mankapur & mahadeva parganas winds round the western & souhern edge of the Tikri forest. The Chandai is a very sluggish steam, and the in its neighborhood is generally swampy.
TERHI - Below the southern edge of the uparhar flows the Terhi, a stream which rises in Bahraich & is fed by the water of the great Baghel Tal near Pura Gosain. It enters the district on the extreme west of pargana Gonda, then separates that pargana from Paharpur and Gunwarich, and further east from the boundary between the Mahadeva & digsir parganas. Leaving these, it flows through the southernpars of Nawabganj & joins the Ghaghara a few km. Above Ayodhya. The Terhi as its name implies, has a very winding & irregular course. Although in former days it appears to have changed its channel repeatedly, the result of this being found in the legend of the destruction of Khurasa, it now flows in a well defined bed though in places it is fringed by swampy ground. Elsewhere, and especially in pargana Digsir. Its banks are sandy & the land in its neighbourhood is of very inferior quality. During the rains the river swells to a considerable size, but at other times of the year it only carries a small volume of water. The Terhi is fed by a number of small streams, the chief of which are the Chandehi Nala, which joins it near Bhikaripur Kalan & the Bagluha which flows through the centre of Digsir and the west of Nawabganj.
SARYU – Between the Terhi and the Ghghara there are several small streams, especially in the Gunwarich pargana, flowing into the latter river. The chief of these is the Saryu, which rises in the Bahraich district and joins the main stream near Paska. Others are the Kundwa and Beli, which unite near Begumganj & flow into theGhaghara near Dalennagar. All these streams are insignificant drainage channels and are of little use or importance. When the tarhar experiences heavy rains, they not only increase in volume & do much damage by inundation, but are also often apt to change their course.
GHAGHARA- The Ghaghara is the name given to the united waters of the Kauriala, Saryu, and Chauka & other rivers which drain the submontane tract to the west of the district. It enters the district in the extreme west of pargana Gunwarich and then flows along the southern borders, leaving the district at Lakarmandi opposite Ayodhya, the distance between its entry and exit being about 88 km. Within its wide bed it rolls from from one side to the other changing its channel almost every year between the shifting sandy banks. The land along the river on either side is always liable to be cut away during the rains and for this reason the area of the district is label to annual verialims.
Lakes
There are various lakes too in the district,some important are Banki, Kodar, Aranga, Parwati & Pathri. Banki is situated in the west near Dubaha bazar. Kodar is near Wazirganj, Parwati is near Tikri, this is biggest in size Pathri is near Khorahsa.
Climate
India is a tropical country & has got Monsooni climate. Gonda being a plainy district is not an exception. It has got the same climate that of the country in genereat. There are three seasons,summer,rainy and winter. Summer is from Narch to Juns. The average temperative of the summer is nearly 30°c. Hot wind namely ‘Loo’ blows in May and in early June. Rainy season is from July to October. Rainys take place mostly upto September winter is from.November to February last half of December and first half of January are maximaum cold.
Forest
As for as the form of natural vegelation in Gonda is concerned,there are two remarkable areas,One the forests of kuwano,which has various types of prees lipe Sagon ,Haldu, Sal,Shishaw, Tibau,Mahua, Bass ,Neem, Jamun, Mayo etc.To the forest of Mankapur to Tipri and around Tipri.The types of press are Tibau ,Sakhu,Sal etc.Sandy Lomay and clay are the types of soils found in Gonda.water per colales downward in sandy soils , so those are not very fertile .Never the less , Zayad crops are produced near the batps of rivers in this soil. Loamy soil is fertile. It has fossils and mierals also.It is found in uparhar part of Gonda.
Soil
The colour of loamy soil is light yellow. It is found around Khorahsa,DumariyaDeeh, Gonda ect. India thok Mankapur etc. Clay soils can hold water in it, so it is suitable fer those crops, which require more water , especially paddy. It becomes hard when dries it is found around ColonelGanj, India thok and Mankapur.
Population of Gonda
The first census of the district was done in 1881. Population was counted 1270926 at that time . Population density was 442 person per sq. mile .In 1891 it was 1459229 .A slow decrease was recorded in first census of 20th century when population was found 1403529 herein 1901. In 1911 it increases 0-64 percent and become 1412519 . This trend is going on till now . In 1921 the population of the district was recorded 1473389 and in 1931 it was 1576003 . According to report of census 1941 population came 1719644 . After independence first census was occurred in 1951. The population was 1877484 at that time which increases upto 2073237 in 1961. According to 1971 census there was 2302929 person in district . In 1981 it was 28-35 lakh which increases up to 35-73 lakh in 1991 . After division of district in 1997 calculated population of the district is 23-21 lakh.This figure is derived from the census report of 1991. The male population is 12-37 lakh and female 10-84 lakh . The increasing rate which was 0-64 in first decade of the 20th century was recorded 4-31% in 1911-1921 and 6-96% in 1921 to 1931. It became 9-11% in 1931 to 1941. Population growth rate was 9-18 between 1941 to 1951 which increases upto 10-41% in 1951 to 1961 decade . In 1961 to 1971 the population growth rate was 11.04% . A huge increase was recorded in 71 to 81 when it rises upto 20-96 percent.It was 25-98% between 1981 to 1991 decade.
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